Bullock County was created on 1866 Dec. 5, though its boundaries were changed in 1867 Feb. It was named to honor Confederate Col. Edward C. Bullock of Barbour County. The county is in the southeastern section of the state, in the prairie region. Bullock County encompasses 625 square miles. The Chunnennuggee Ridge runs through the center of the county.

Union Springs was chosen as the county seat in 1867. Other communities include Midway, Smut Eye, Perote and Thompson.